In Chapter 2, we witness the astonishing rise of the UNIA from a local organization into the largest Black-led movement in modern history. This chapter traces how the UNIA expanded its reach across over 40 countries, establishing more than 1,100 divisions that united the African diaspora — not just in spirit, but in structure. From Harlem to Lagos, Kingston to Panama, the UNIA’s presence was undeniable. Through grassroots organizing, port-to-port networking, barbershop meetings, and the global circulation of The Negro World newspaper, the message of African redemption spread like wildfire. The organization provided poor and working-class Black people with a global identity, dignity, and a mission far greater than their local conditions. This chapter explores the conventions, the pageantry, and the unprecedented scale of the movement — and how the UNIA was banned, targeted, and feared not because of violence, but because it successfully built a powerful Black nation in the minds of millions.
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